This study presents an innovative non-destructive approach for evaluating pavement thermal properties by combining in situ sensor data with Finite Element (FE) modeling. While sensor-assisted numerical modeling itself is not unprecedented, the authors' application to real-time pavement monitoring—supported by long-term field validation—represents a meaningful advancement. The research is methodologically sound, with strong experimental design and minimal errors in execution. Its findings provide a practical, dynamic solution that enhances traditional pavement assessment methods, making this a valuable contribution to the field.

The following minor suggestions are offered for improvement:

Suggestions:

1. Suggested Title: "Real-Time Smart Monitoring for Modeling Thermophysical Properties of Pavement Layers"

2. Clarify sensor specifications (e.g., accuracy, depth placement rationale)

3. Justify the 1 mm mesh spacing choice in COMSOL

4. May include a table summarizing calibration versus testing phase results

5. Expand on the limitations of the homogeneous material assumption in the methodology

6. Discuss broader applications of the proposed method for diverse pavement conditions

7. Address in future work how to handle real-world variances (e.g., non-homogeneous materials) to strengthen impact.